Helita Kanaalka UPVC Beste: Qororka Ugu Dambeeya ee Sistam Kanaal ee Jir ah, La'aayo Ee Kaas ah

Siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan ayaa muujiyaya durba degdeg ah oo ka dhasha sida caafimaadka saynarka tubaakiyaha cusub, si kasto leh wejiga aad u dambesay. Sidaas daraadeed degdegga aad u socda waxaa la heli karaa qaybta molekulyar ee polyvinyl chloride aan la geeyo, taasoo samaysaya jiidka xaqiiqsanaanta nidaamka dhulka ee ka hor inta badan ee saynarka kale. Siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan wuxuu haysta jiidka saamaynta daboolka, taliyada jidka iyo jiidka kiimikada oo ka hor inta badan ee saynarka kale. Tijaabada maalinteenka ah ayaa isku dayi kara in siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan uu ilaaliyo eeg 90% hadda jiidka ugu horreeyey marka la soo saaro 50 sannadood ee go’aaminta, taasoo muujiyaya istaabilitya aad u wanaagsan oo ka dhasha khalinta lacagta iyo muddada loo bixiyey. Degdegga aad u wanaagsan ma degdegna karta jiidka kaliya, laakiin waata hababka abaarista aad u fiican oo ka saabsan meelaha aad u yaraysan ee lagu garto alaabta hoose. Hababka extrusion ku tiirsan waxaa ku daran in siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan uu leeyahay thick-wax weyn hal yeedha, si loogu hortago in la sameeyo stresskiisa ama in labada siis joogo. Hejabka awood-qaadinta (quality control) marka la abariyaa waxaa ku daran tijaabada buuxinta, tijaabada daboolka, iyo tijaabada jiidka imtixaanka si loo hubiyo in siihii kasta uu fulsado shaacaha caafimaadka. Siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan wuu jiidka degenjidda radiationka UV, oozonka, iyo polutantada dhulka oo ka hor inta badan ee plastig siiba, taasoo muujiyaya in siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan waa raall ah in laga isticmaalo dhulka iyo dhulka hoose sidoo kale, ganacsatid in lagu daabo ama lagu garto. Kiimikada dhulka, iyadoo ku jira haliyada asidic iyo alkaline, ma jiidi doono shaacaha siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan, taasoo hubiya inay shaqeyso si fiican magaalooyinka geologyaca kala duwan. Jiidka waxaa muujiyaa jiidka aad u wanaagsan stress cracking, haddii aad u yeesho loading dheer oo la kala saaro stress mekanikaal iyo kiimikada. Tijaabada daboolka hydrostatic dheer-sannadood ayaa isku dayi kara in siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan uu ilaaliyo heerka daboolka kollana muddada design-ka, ganacsatid in lagu jebiso saldhigga aamininta. Tijaabada thermal cycling ayaa isku dayi kara in siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan uu oggolaado taliyada jidka kollana sannadkii ganacsatid in lagu sameeyo leak paths ama in labada siis joogo. Shaacaha degdegga siihii upvc ugu wanaagsan ayaa siiya plannerka infrastructurka aaminsan degdegga dugsiga kollana, taasoo taageeraya helitaanka guudka ah addeecidda jiidka iyo tirada loo bixiyey.

Siiyo ugu wanaagsan ee PVC-ka waxaa leh hanaqaadnimadii kimiyaawiye ah oo aan la iskudhafin karin, kaas oo ah xulashada awoodsanaanta badbaadada qalabka la socda, shacabka iyo haayaadda xalaarta leh. Hanaqaadnimadii buuxda wa ku habboon inkaaraha polimerka, kan ma la shaqeeynayo asiduhu, jajabku, gurihiina ama kompaawundihii orgaanik ah ee ka saaran nidaamka siiyaha. Siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan uu ilaaliyaa xaqiiqda ciyaaraha iyo tarrinta inta lagu soo biiriyay asidka sulfiirik, asidka hydrokolorik, sodium hydroxide iyo baaritaanno kimiyaawiye sare ee shacabka loo yaqaan, oo ay dhib tahay si daahsoon inay dhex marag furtaan. Tijaabada hanaqaadnimadii kimiyaawiye waxaa muujinaysa in siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan ma dhammaado inuu ka qalbiyaa inta la soo biiriyay sheydaanka noolosha, alkoollaha iyo organikiyada badan oo loo isticmaalaa shacabka. Hanaqaadnimadii waxaa ku gees ah nidaamka biyaha chlorinated, halka siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan ma dhici doono koronto lacagta ama qalabka dabacsan ee koronto lacagta, oo ay ka dhici kartaa siiyaha fulka ah koronto chlorine sare. Gosmarkiisa kiimikalka ay naqdo sheydaanka xunimada biyaha la socda, kaas oo ilaalinaya in siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan uu ilaaliyo maqxiyaha biyaha la farshaxay. Arimaha aaminimadda waxaa ku jira aaneenki aaneenki caqliga ah, oo ku guulaysanaya raad-rumeedyada xoogga leh ee deegaan lafarshaxay, kaas oo siinaya ninkastuna naxariis taasoo ku salaysan in la sameero goobta deegaanka iyo shacabka. Siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan ma tixna bakitiriya ama horumarintooda biofilm dhexdooda sida wanaagsan, kaas oo khasab u yeeshay sababta dib-u-labinta iyo ilaalinta xaaladaha nasaafadda dhammaantood ee nidaamka dhisidda. Arimaha dabac-dabaca siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan waxaa ku jira ardaynta dabac-daba, oo ay ka dhici kartaa dadbanimooyinka jirka, kaas oo ku saabsan aaminimadda guurka. Kiimikalka ma bixiyo gassaska xunimada marka ay dabacaan, tan iyo sanalama kale oo dhigta gassaska xunimada. Arimaha farsaanka elektriku ah waxaa ku hanaysa siiyaha ugu wanaagsan inay noqotaa ammaan leh goobaha elektriku, kaas oo ka saabsan mowduucinta galvaanik ama ardaynta elektriku. Tijaabada hanqimsanka gargaarinta waxaa muujinaysa in siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan uu ilaaliyo awoodkiisa inta la hanqamo jirka ama quwwadaha la jeediyey. Inkaaraha kiimikalka siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan ay prevent catalytic reactions oo ay ku dhowbaan inay qalabiyaan kompoonenada kale ee nidaamka, kaaynta pumpsigaha, valves iyo fittings ka qalabka koronto korontooda. Hanqimsankooda koronto furfurinta iyo lacagta ay ilaaliya siiyuhu ugu wanaagsan inay socoto awood sax ah kula kordhinta kholo, kaas oo ilaalinaya awoodka nidaamka iyo ka xadhiska baaritaanka. Warbixintooda aaminimadda waxaa ku jira aan magneetik ahayn, oo ay ka dhici kartaa xannibaadka laga leh kuwa xoogga leh iyo ka saabsan inay ka xun-tallaan kuwa fulka ah goobaha diyaarinta.

Sare ugu wanaansanaya upvc way siiyaan faa'iidooyin iqtisadi ah si aad uun iyadoo ku xisaabinta khaladka lagu darayo, hawlaha fudud ee maamulka, iyo muddada ugu dheer ee adeegsiga oo ay iibsan tahay qof walba. Helitaanka helitaanka hore waxa ka bilowdo qaligga sarreeya ee sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc, oo kale gooni madhan leh, taasoo saameyn ku yeelay in khaladka wejiga iyo khaladka shaqo lagu darto si weyn. Maamuluhu wuxuu jeclahay in sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc waxaa la qaado iyo la saaro guriga yar, taasoo kala badanidaysa muddada mashruuc iyo khaladka lagu darayo khaladka wejiga. Qaabka ku xidhida solvent welding waxaa samaysaa xidhidda waaweyn oo aan uusan daaqdaan dakhiilkoodna, sidoo kale midna lama baahan sanad ama welders aad uga caddaatay in la sameeyo madhan. Khaaladka tiris waxaa ka socda si weyn marka loo eego instalalka sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc maxaa yeelay qaligga sarreeya ma baahna in la tirisayo toosan ama in la isticmaalo hababka jilicsan si loo oggolaado. Farxadaha dibedda sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc way siiyaan farxad dheer marka loo tirisayo kanabka, taasoo kala badanidhaysa tirada farxadaha loo baahan yahay marka loo isticmaalo kanabka hoose dhulka. Ammaanida hor inta loo sameeyo waxaa samaysa in lagu diro habkooda kompliksid ee nolosha, taasoo kala badanidhaysa wakhtiga loo isticmaalo ganacsiga iyo kala badanidhaysa dhibaatada lagu dhex jirto ganacsiyada la isticmaalo. Faaydaynta maamulka sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc waxaa ku jira in la saariyo rismaha marwalba, rismaha ama hababka cathodic protection loo baahan yahay madhan kale, taasoo siiyaa khalad furan iyo khalad dheer. Farxadka dibedda sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc way ilaalin kartaa in khasabka dhicdo iyo kala badanidhinta isku daynta ganacsiga dhamaantood muddada loo isticmaalo, taasoo ilaalinaya in pump-ka wanaano iyo kala badanidhinta isticmaalka nidaamka la isticmaalo madhan. Wajahdaha sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc ma baahna in la saajo, maxaa yeelay wajahdu khasab kama dhex marino oo khasabteena ma baahna in la saajiso. Hababka repair sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc waxaa isticmaal kartaa cuttin iyo welding habab fudud oo aad u isticmaali kartaa maamuluhu bilaash ama tekinoolojiyin aad u baaxsan. Xajinta inventory waxaa ka faa'iiday in laga yaabo hababka standard iyo xidhida oo kala badanidhaysa noocyo kala duwan ee spare parts loo baahan yahay maamulka nolosha. Sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc waxaa muujiyay inay leedahay khaaskadaha awoodga ah oo si degdeg ah ay u isticmaalaan model system iyo khaladka isticmaalka si cad muddada design life. Isku daynta beddelinta waxaa isbeddelay si fiican sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc maxaa yeelay muddada isticmaalka si cad ayaa sababi kartaa in managers infrastructure ay isku dayaan mashruuc isku daynta mudda kaliya, umiinka lacagta. Tijaabada iqtisadi ah waxaa si joogto ah muujinaysa in sare ugu wanaansaneya upvc wuxuu siinaya khaladka ugu yar ee ownership marka loo eego instalalka, maamulka, nidaamka, iyo khaladka beddelinta muddada guud ee nidaamka.